淨零碳排趨勢帶動之替代性肉品的產業發展、研究進展及未來挑戰

The Development of Alternative Meat Industry Driven by the Trend of Net Zero Carbon Emissions, Research Progress and Future Challenges

全球消費者飲食習慣改變的趨勢中，由於消費者在飲食上對未來環境與健康意識的提升，如動物疾病、自然資源的枯竭及溫室氣體排放的顧慮，使肉類替代品的重要性日益增加。本篇詳細介紹了人造肉的發展及市場現況，並針對不同人造肉種類、成分進行分類，並以營養、健康和安全性等角度進行分析。同時闡述目前人造肉相關加工技術、生產效率、產品特性，最後討論人造肉目前所遇到之困境及未來挑戰。目前市售的人造肉產品以植物肉為主，利用植物性蛋白質進行加工，使其質地和口味與肉品相似，不同植物來源的蛋白質對植物肉的貢獻也有所不同，擠壓、剪切、折疊等技術的應用賦予植物肉不同的物性特質。現今植物肉主要在西方國家銷售，由於消費者對此產品的興趣與日俱增，亞洲國家也將在不久的將來成為潛在的市場，在環境方面，植物肉也有利於減少碳排放、能源消耗與土地利用，對未來經濟糧食的永續經營皆具有高度潛力，有望在未來推動食品市場。

In the changing trend of global consumers' dietary habits, the importance of meat alternatives is increasing due to consumers' increasing awareness of the future environment and health in their diets, such as animal diseases, depletion of natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions. We introduced in detail the types, ingredients, processing technology, production efficiency, product characteristics and market conditions of artificial meat information, advantages, and challenges. We also analyzed the trends, nutrition, health and safety of artificial meat research. At present, the artificial meat products on the market are plant-based meat, using plant protein for processing to make the texture and taste similar to meat products. Proteins from different plant sources also make different contributions to plant-based meat. The application of techniques such as extruding gives plant-base meat different physical properties. Nowadays, plant-based meat is mainly sold in Western countries. As consumers' interest in this product is increasing day by day, Asian countries will also become potential markets in the future. In terms of the environment, plant-based meat is also conducive to reducing carbon emissions, energy consumption and land use. This sustainable development of future has high potential. plant-based meat is expected to promote the food market in the future.