文化資產新南向交流合作的策略與行動──以馬來西亞檳城地區交流經驗為例

Strategies and Actions for the New Southbound Exchange and Cooperation of Cultural Heritage—A Case Study of the Exchange of Experiences in Penang, Malaysia

2016年9月26日行政院核定「新南向政策推動計畫」，期透由經貿合作、人才交流、資源共享及區域鍊結等四大工作主軸，全方位發展與東協、南亞及紐澳等國家的關係，據以促進區域交流發展與合作。新南向政策提出前，我國在產業發展面向已對東協經濟體有極大的興趣；新南向政策的提出，更促動各領域積極去思考、尋求與東南亞、紐澳等國推展雙邊合作交流的可能性。瞭解國際文化資產脈動、發展及建立國際關係是我國文化資產政策的一環，近年來也以學術論壇、交流參訪等方式，積極與亞洲、歐美各國以各類型文化資產議題進行交流對話。本文透過交流回顧，同步檢視我國文化資產中央主管機關，成立以來所推動的文化資產國際交流工作為始，續談新南向政策的執行與思考中所開展與馬來西亞檳城世界遺產區的互動經歷，文末以檳城經驗為立基，展望未來與其他新南向國家成為盟友，攜手合作推展跨國文化資產保護行動。

On September 26, 2016, the Executive Yuan approved the New Southbound Policy Promotion Plan, which will provide all-round development of relations with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), South Asia and New Zealand and other countries through the four main axes of economic and trade cooperation; talent exchange; resource sharing; and regional links, so as to promote regional exchanges, development and cooperation. Before the New Southbound policy was put forward, Taiwan had great interest in ASEAN economies in industrial development orientation, and the New Southbound Policy proposed to promote positive thinking in various fields and seek the possibility of bilateral cooperation and exchanges with Southeast Asia, New Zealand and Australia. Understanding the pulse of international cultural heritage, and establishing and further developing international relations are parts of Taiwan's cultural heritage policy. In recent years, we have actively engaged in exchanges and dialogues with Asia, Europe and the United States on various types of cultural heritage through academic forums, exchanges and visits, etc. This article begins with a review of the international exchange of cultural heritage promoted by the central authorities of Taiwan's cultural heritage since its inception. It continues with a section about the experience of interaction with the Penang World Heritage Area in Malaysia in the face of the New Southbound policy. It concludes with a description of the experience of Penang, looking to the future with the new southbound country as an ally–working together to promote cross-border cultural heritage protection policies.