典藏文物分級成效及問題探討──以國立科學工藝博物館為例

Discussions on the Effectiveness and Problems of Classifying Cultural Heritage Objects—A Case Study on the Collections of the National Science and Technology Museum

國立科學工藝博物館（以下簡稱「科工館」）2013年開始，為使館藏文物制度化地依據文化部分級標準進行暫行分級，啟動典藏文物暫行分級工作。2014年科工館訂定〈國立科學工藝博物館蒐藏品暫行分級作業要點〉，以文化部《古物分級指定及廢止審查辦法》中分級基準為分級指標，增加未符合文化部分級基準但符合科工館蒐藏政策之「館藏品」為第四級。要點中也將暫行分級執行程序，整併於文物評估審議程序中，2015年第二季蒐藏品審議開始，科工館新入藏文物均依文化部分級標準完成文物暫行分級。2015年第一季（含）之前已評估入藏之文物建立或變更暫行分級級別，科工館〈蒐藏品暫行分級作業要點〉也明定執行程序，自2016年開始把文物回溯暫行分級列入年度工作計畫逐年辦理，至2019年已經全部完成。本文以實務成效與問題探討角度，分享科工館入藏文物之暫行分級制度的思考邏輯，及探討執行暫行分級期間產生的問題，並據以提出建議事項。

Following 2013, in compliance with the classification regulations of the Ministry of Culture, the National Science and Technology Museum (NSTM) launched the project to temporarily classify its collections of cultural heritage artefacts. In 2014, the NSTM established the“Key Points for the Temporary Classification of Collections,”using the classification criteria in the“Measures for the Classification and Repeal of the Review of Antiquities of the Ministry of Culture”as the classification criteria. Objects in the Museum collections that do not meet the governments“antiquities”benchmark, but do meet the museum’s collection policy, are classified as“Level 4.”The“key points”will also include the provisional classification procedure, which will be integrated into the cultural heritage objects evaluation and review process. The collection review began in the second quarter of 2015, and all of NSTM’s newly acquired objects have already been through the temporary classification of historical cultural objects according to the Ministry of Culture Heritage’s provisional classification. There is the provision within this process for changes to the provisional classification of the museum collections dating from before first quarter of 2015 (inclusive). Since 2016, retrospective temporary classification operations have been included in the Museum’s annual work schedule. The plan was handled on a year-by-year basis was completed by 2019. This paper reviews the practical issues arising from this project and discusses its associated problems, drawing logical conclusions and making suggestions based on the experience gained.