圖、文互讀視野下的園林空間意義詮釋──以晚明寄暢園為例

Using Literary Works and Paintings to Interpret Garden Spaces - The Case of the Jichang Yuan

晚明以降，園林風氣盛行，也是士人文化的重要成果。在造園活動中，園主建構園林，予以物質性的基礎，並主導空間意義。其後賓客遊園，以記文、詩歌甚至圖畫狀寫遊觀感知，進而延續、擴大、增益園林的空間意義，也同時塑造出園主形象，形成園林場域中的主、客對話關係。本文以晚明秦燿興築寄暢園作為個案，嘗試透過寄暢園文字、圖繪的互讀，討論圖、文交互詮釋視野下的園林空間意義，希望理解在晚明以降園林詩、文並盛的現象中，圖、文作為不同表意媒介，如何參與整體園林空間意義的構建，並重新釐清園林圖、文作為意義載體的互動關係。

In the late Ming dynasty, garden construction was prevalent among members of the literati community. In constructing a garden, the owner imbued the spaces found therein with meaning. When guests visited the garden, in addition to composing prose and poems, they also painted pictures to express their feelings and their perceptions of it. The spatial significance of the garden was continued and enlarged through the abovementioned activities between the host and his guests. Moreover, the image of the host and the interaction between the host and his guests was portrayed through these writings and paintings. In this article, I take the Jichang yuan 寄暢園 (Garden of Entrusting Delight) as an example, and attempt to interpret the garden's spatial meaning through a mutual reading of literary works and paintings. I try to understand how literati established the spatial meaning of gardens through writing and painting, and moreover seek to reveal the interaction between garden writing and painting during the late Ming.