社區管理委員會關鍵職務之研究

A Study of Key Positions of the Community Management Committee

台灣的公寓大廈管理委員會的委員多是一年改選一次且大多數委員不具物業管理專長，當大多數委員都是新手時，往往搞不清楚管委會最重要的工作有哪些。更有些社區因為沒有人願意擔任管理委員而採用區分所有權人輪流擔任的方式，因而造成管理委員大多對職務的熟悉度不高，故本研究之目的為有系統地整理社區管理委員的職務內容，逐一探討並歸納社區管理委員會的工作內容並加以分類探討，並透過文獻檢索法以及層級分析法探討管理委員關鍵職務的權重比例，讓管理委員可以很快速清楚的了解各項職務內容的重要性以及其優先順序。本研究結果得出社區管理委員關鍵職務評量的構面依權重排序依序是：（1）財務及預算管理與執行構面權重55％（2）共有及共用部分之清潔、維護、修繕及一般改良構面權重24％（3）法規制定、會議及住戶管理構面權重21％。管委員會關鍵職務指標排序前五名最重要的管理分項因素依次是：（1）高額採購之公開招標制度分項因素14.1％（2）編制及查核財務報表分項因素12.2％（3）公佈財務報表分項因素12.2％（4）防犯貪汙或捲款潛逃機制分項因素9.4％（5）公共安全檢查及消防安全設備檢修分項因素7.1％。社區管理委員會關鍵職務評量指標排序前五名中有些項目可能會被社區忽略，故建議可納入社區管理委員專長推選的參考依據。

The members of the apartment building management committee in Taiwan are re-elected every year and most of them do not have a background in property management. Especially when the management committee is first established, these novice members usually have no idea what their most important tasks are. Because no one is willing to serve as members of the management committee in some communities, they have the condo owners take turns performing the duty. As a result, most of the committee members are not familiar with their jobs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically sort out job descriptions of a community management committee, classify them and explore them one by one. This study explores the weight ratio of key positions of management committees through literature retrieval and hierarchical analysis. By analyzing the results of a questionnaire designed by AHP experts, it is concluded that the evaluation aspects of the key functions of a community management committee, in order of size of weighting, are: (1) The aspect of financial and budget management and execution with a fifty five percent (55%) weighting, (2) The aspect of cleaning, maintenance, repairs and general improvement of the common and shared parts with a twenty four percent (24%) weighting, and (3) The aspect of enacting rules and regulations, holding meetings and coordination between residents with a twenty one percent (21%) weighting. As a result of ranking indicators of the key functions of a community management committee in order of importance, the top five management sub-factors are: (1) The sub-factor of public bidding system for high-value procurement: 14.1%, (2) The sub-factor of compiling and auditing financial statements: 12.2%, (3) The sub-factor of announcing financial statements: 12.2%, (4) The sub-factor of prevention mechanism against graft or absconding with money: 9.4%, and (5) The sub-factor of public safety inspection and firefighting equipment maintenance: 7.1%. Some of the top five management sub-factors identified by this study may be neglected by the community, so it is suggested that the community may refer to these sub-factors and elect management committee members with the expertise in dealing with them.