翻轉罐頭遊具──由社會運動行動網絡探討遊戲場制度分析與發展架構

Flipping the Canned PlayStructures: A Study of the Action Network of the Playground Social Movement Based on the institutional Analysis and Development Framework

本研究旨以行動網絡，探討近年由特公盟所引領之遊戲場社會行動，對遊戲場制度分析與發展架構改變的過程、成果與社會性影響。透過參與觀察記錄相關活動與案例，針對行動者進行焦點團體訪談。研究結果顯示，行動是持續轉變的動態過程，目前已建立一套公民全程參與的設計流程，並扭轉既有常規與思維，產生具多元特色的遊戲場；隨行動者之參與組成與網絡力量在各年度的參與強度逐漸增加，訴求也因參與經驗積累而轉變，由拒絕罐頭遊具、特色公園、共融遊具，多元需求，轉向兒童參與、挑戰與分齡分區；行動雖有熱烈響應，然因社會性結構、現有治理模式限制、民眾認知差異、權力自主性衝突等問題而遭遇新挑戰；最後提出後續政策擬定與行動方向之建議。

This study applies the institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IAD framework) to understand the action network, outcomes, and social influence of the Playground Social Movement (PSM) in Taiwan in recent years. The study conducts semi-structured interviews with a focus group of PSM actors and observes participants of activities and cases related to PSM. The result shows that PSM is a dynamic process, and a playground design institution with civic participation in all phases has been established. The actors have reversed some traditional routines, practices, and thoughts and brought about the appearance of multiple-featured playgrounds. As the actors' participation composition and network strength have gradually increased each year, the demands have also changed due to the accumulation of participation experience, from refusing canned play structures, featured park, inclusive, multiple demands, inclusiveness and diversity to children's participation, challenging-adventure playgrounds, and age-based planning. Even though an increasing number of people joined the movement, social structure problems, institutional defects (such as construction, bidding, and contract), differences in the cognition of the public, and conflicts in autonomy between groups have led to predicaments in the promotion of action. We make suggestions for follow-up policy formulation and action development.