頸動脈成形術併支架置放術治療Takayasu動脈炎病人之護理

Takayasu動脈炎症相當罕見，係發生於主動脈弓及其主分枝血管之非特異性自體免疫疾病，以頭臂型動脈血管受侵犯者居多，其病變部位為頸總動脈之近端及中段。好發於20至30歲的年輕女性，女、男比例為4.5:1，發生率為百萬分之2.6，五年內死亡率為35%。頸動脈成形術併支架置放術是目前主要的治療趨勢。本文將就Takayasu動脈炎症、頸動脈成形術併支架置放術，及其術前、後之相關護理與出院健康指導作一介紹，以提供護理人員臨床照護之參考。

Takayasu's arteritis is known as a rare nonspecific autoimmune disease that arises from the aortic arch and its branches, predominantly attacking young female between 20 and 30 years. The ratio of diseased females and males is 4.5:1. Takayasu's arteritis commonly affects brachiocephalic vessels while the attacked areas are the proximal and median in the common carotid artery. The current trend to manage Takayasu's arteritis is the carotid artery angioplasty with stenting. The objective is to be helpful to clinic nursing, this theme gives a description of Takayasu's arteritis, carotidangioplasty' stenting, pre-and-post-operative care and health guidance.