從決策衝動性、憂鬱、焦慮、壓力來探討大學生網路成癮行為

Examining Internet Addiction Behavior of College Students from Decision Impulsivity, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress

過去的文獻指出網路成癮與憂鬱、焦慮、決策衝動性以及壓力的關係都具有關聯性，然而有關這些變項之間的因果路徑關係並不清楚。本研究目標即在檢驗大學生網路成癮與決策衝動性、憂鬱、焦慮以及知覺壓力之間的因果路經分析。本研究分成三個階段，在第一階段，透過社群網站發放中文網路成癮問卷，總共回收256分有效問卷。在第二階段，從這256分有效問卷中招募總分數76分以上的十五名男性與十五名女性作為實驗組，招募總分數55分以下的十五名男性與十五名女性作為控制組，二組皆會透過電腦程式完成延宕折扣作業。在第三階段，受試者被要求填寫中文版貝克憂鬱量表、中文版貝克焦慮量表以及中文版知覺壓力量表。延宕折扣作業的結果顯示網路成癮組的衝動程度顯著高於控制組，不同性別的衝動程度則無顯著差異。自陳量表的結果顯示網路成癮組的憂鬱、焦慮、知覺壓力程度皆顯著高於控制組，不同性別的憂鬱、焦慮、知覺壓力分數皆無顯著的差異。相關分析的結果顯示網路成癮與憂鬱、焦慮、知覺壓力、衝動性皆有正相關，知覺壓力、憂鬱、焦慮之間有正相關，然而衝動性與知覺壓力、憂鬱、焦慮沒有相關性。路徑分析的結果則顯示憂鬱對網路成癮有直接效果；知覺壓力對憂鬱、焦慮有直接效果，憂鬱為知覺壓力與網路成癮之間的中介變項，衝動性對網路成癮有直接效果。

Previous literature has shown internet addiction to be associated with depression, anxiety, choice impulsivity and stress. However, the causal paths relating to changes in variables associated with these measures are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the causal paths relating to changes as a result of internet addiction in choice impulsivity, depression, anxiety and perceived stress in college student. There were three steps in this study. First, we sent the Chinese Internet Addiction Survey (CIAS) via social networks with there being 256 valid respondents. Second, we recruited 15 males and 15 females who had CIAS scores equal or above 76 as the experimental group and 15 males and 15 females with CIAS scores equal or below 55 as the control group. Both groups then completed a computer-presented delayed discounting task. Third, the participants were asked to fill out the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale. The results of the delay discounting task indicated that the level of impulsivity in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group, and there was no significant difference between genders. The results of the self-report inventories showed that the levels of depression, anxiety and perceived stress in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. Correlation analysis showed that internet addiction was positively correlated with depression, anxiety, perceived stress and impulsivity, and perceived stress was correlated with depression and anxiety. However, impulsivity was not correlated with depression, anxiety or perceived stress. The results of path analysis showed that depression had a direct influence on internet addiction. Perceived stress had a direct influence on depression and anxiety. Depression was a mediator between perceived stress and internet addiction. Impulsivity had a direct influence on internet addiction.