| 英文摘要 |
Instead of the traditional approach focusing on comparing the operational cost among different ship sizes, this study applies the developed method to measure the optimal fleet capacity and discusses the strategies of fleet development for a container line. In addition, it also sheds some light on the practical implications of different strategic combinations by adjusting the fleet capacity toward the optimal level, conditional on operating different scales of containership fleet. By investigating the optimal fleet capacity for the three largest container lines in Taiwan, the findings indicate that the three container lines all have introduced too much fleet capacity into the market before 2000. Being one of the leading container carriers in the container shipping market, the optimal strategy of fleet adjustment for carrier A is to shrink the fleet capacity by reducing the number and average size of containerships. In contrast, under the policy to aggressively join shipping alliance, carrier B has been confronted with an under-capacity situation since 2002. Thus, the optimal strategy of fleet adjustment is to properly increase the average containership size to reach the requirements for operating trans-ocean service routes under a given shipping alliance. As to the fleet utilization for the leading carrier of the trans-Asia regional market, carrier C has presented a persistent over-capacity situation during the past 15 years. Corresponding to its ambitious activity on penetrating into the trans-ocean market, the optimal strategy for carrier C's fleet adjustment is to reduce the number of small containerships. In turn, the enlarged average containership size will be more efficient to compete with other container lines. |
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