貨櫃儲存場儲位指派模式構建與求解

Slots Assignment Model in Container Yard

貨櫃儲位指派你貨櫃進存前預先將貨櫃指定存放於特定儲位，為貨櫃進存前的先期言十畫。由於貨櫃屬性(數量、尺寸、進存時間、提領時間)未能於事前全部預知，因此傳統之貨櫃場儲位指派多半由人工依經驗法則進行，指派結果往往未能將儲區作最有效之運用，亦經常造成不具生產力的翻櫃動作，導致成本上升。本研究嘗試透過對貨櫃儲位指派問題進行解析，以最小翻櫃次數為目標，將貨櫃儲位指派問題構建為一整數規劃模式後，以LINGO軟體求解，並進行簡例測試及敏風度分析。經研究發現，貨櫃儲位指派問題之最佳解並非唯一，擴大底層儲位數，將可減少翻櫃次數;降低堆疊高度，則可能增加翻櫃次數。

Container slot assignment, a preplanning procedure for container stowage, is to allocate container boxes into certain slots. However, not all the attributes ofthe boxes are known in advance and most operators assign the slots via experience, as a consequence, conventional container slot assignment often causes inefficient usage of slot capacities with unproductive moves which represents an increase in operation cost. By analyzing the problem of container slot assignment, this study attempts to formulate the container slot assignment problem as an integer programming model to minimize the number of unproductive moves. The model can be solved by LINGO package Through the examples and sensitivity analysis, it is found that the global optimal solutions for this integer programming slot assignment model are existent but not unique. Increasing the number of ground slots can reduce the number of shufflingand shifting moves; however, lowering the number of stacking layers will increase the unproductive moves.