配合大眾捷運系統之接駁公車營運計畫整合之研究

Optimization of Operational Integration Between Feeder Bus and MRT Systems

為提高都市大眾運輸之質與量，國內目前正積極引進具有專用路權之大眾捷運系統。但由於捷運系統大多扮演走廊式運輸之角色，更由於單一運具已不能滿足旅客日趨多元化之需求，故應及早研究大眾捷揮系統與公車系統營運整合之課題。因此，本研究透過建立數學分析模式以求得轉運公車最適決策變數，如公車班距、捷運系統班距、公車路線間距等，據以擬定適當之接駁公車營運整合計劃。本研究之數學分析模式，分別依四種不同需求函數型態加以探討。基本理論架構可分別依每日系統總成本最小化、營運利潤最大化、系統內社會福利最大化三個不同目標，且不考慮外部效果下適時加入準確轉車限制式，同時在公車系統、捷運系統營運供給特性影響力強弱之比較下進行模式之推導與求解，然因篇幅所限，本文僅以目標為每日系統總成本最小來說明所獲得之決策變數與系統參數之間的明確關係。本研究最後並以一簡例驗證推導所得之決策變數解係一合理之解答，其結果可做為未來發展都市運輸系統間營運整合規劃模式之參考。

In recent years, mass rapid transit (MRT) systems will dominate thedevelopment of modern urban metropolitan areas in Taiwans. Since theconstruction cost of MRT systems is enormous, the operational integration withother modes such as city bus system becomes very important. It would benefitboth the operators and users and help achieve efficient urban transportation andhealthy cities in general. In this research, analytic models are developed foroptimizing feeder bus services with time dependence and elasticity in theirdemand characteristics. By analyzing the operational integration plans, one canobtain the relationships between decision variables and system parameters bycomparing MRT operating characteristics with those of feeder bus systems. It ishoped that this study will contribute to a better understanding of theapplications of operational integration in the context of mass rapid transitsystem. This should be helpful in achieving more efficient public transportsystems and developing multimodal integration model.