文化與政治因素交錯下的困境：陸片配額制之探討

The Struggling dilemma between Cultural and Political Factors: Discussion on the Import Quota Limitation of China Film

近年金馬獎頒獎典禮後，除了星光熠熠的影人、得獎落馬影片發燒議題外，必然反覆上演的橋段有二，其一為從臺灣當年度入圍、獲獎情形，檢討臺灣電影產業是否衰微，以及金馬獎是否向大陸文化輸誠，而有自我矮化之疑慮；其二則是在獲獎陸片因普遍不為國人窺見，引起對大眾對於大陸電影進口配額制度妥適性的疑竇。固然，陸片配額制之文化治理爭議連年蔚為話題，然而，放諸國內相關文獻，卻著墨者希。筆者認為無論就業界實務之文化產業經營面向，抑或國家文化政策的擘畫，均有梳理與檢視此制度之必要。因此，本文擬以陸片配額制的法理分析為中心，並依次探討議題如下：（一）以歷史回溯研究之方式，探尋陸片配額制度之法源與沿革；（二）由電影政策的政治、經濟與文化連動關係，進一步剖析陸片配額制的形成理由與影響；（三）回顧司法實務案例，分析陸片配額制的運行結果，是否仍能切合政策目的？以及在文化傳播效果上，會產生何種疑慮。本文目的即在透過此等縱橫交錯的分析，理性省思陸片配額制於現今社會之意義。

Recently, whenever the end of Golden Horse Awards ceremony, apart from the superstars and awesome films, there have been two things that inevitably being controversial. One is reviewing whether Taiwan's film industry appears declining trend, and even becomes self-dwarfing when facing China film works. Secondly, the award-winning China films are commonly not viewed by Taiwan citizens due to the import quota limitation of China film, so numerous arguments and queries arise to such regulation. It is true that this cultural governance controversy has been a heated issue for many years, however, there are very few academic research to focus on it. It must be crucial and necessary to analyze this system both in terms of national cultural policies and private cultural running. Therefore, this article intends to utilize the legal analysis, and discuss the following topics in turn: (1) exploring the legal origin and evolution of this system by means of Historical Method; (2) further analyzing the reason and influence from the relation of politics, economy and culture of this film policy; (3) reviewing the judicial practice cases and discussing the results that does this system is put into good use for its legal purposes and what disadvantages on cultural communication it causes. Hoping to reconsider rationally the meaning of this system in today's society through these comprehensive analysis.