中觀行人模式於大規模疏散模擬之應用

A Mesoscopic Pedestrian Model for Large-scale Evacuation Simulation

大多數的行人模擬模式為針對個別行人移動之微觀模式，可用於小規模之災害疏散問題，當模擬範圍擴大，疏散行人增多時，將花費極長的時間計算，因此本研究建構中觀行人模擬模式以提升大規模模擬之效率，再者，由於災害的範圍可能隨時間演進而改變，因此本研究也納入隨時間變動的動態環境，行人能依據更新後的環境狀態重新規劃路徑，期望能更加真實的反映環境與行人間的互動。本研究提出之中觀模式主要利用「多尺寸網格」以及「移動方向選擇改良」兩項延伸來提升模擬效率以及合理性。案例測試的結果顯示，本模式可大幅減少模擬時間，並提升行人在大規模疏散中移動路徑的合理性，且更加真實反映行人與災害間之互動。

In recent years, many computer models for pedestrian simulation have been developed to understand the performance of pedestrian evacuation under disasters. This study constructs a mesoscopic pedestrian simulation model to improve the efficiency of large-scale pedestrian evacuation simulation. This study also considers the dynamic environment, that is, the hazardous areas may vary over time and pedestrians can re-plan the path according to the updated environment. The developed mesoscopic model has two major features that improve simulation efficiency and maintain the accuracy of pedestrian simulation, which are multi-size cells and refined direction selection. Through the above features, this study drastically reduces the simulation time, enhances the accuracy of pedestrians' movement paths, and reflects the interactions between pedestrians and hazardous areas.