低碳清潔運輸轉型之路──以電動車法制政策比較分析為例

The Road of Low-Carbon Clean Transportation Transformation-Comparative Analysis of Law and Policy of Electric Vehicle

清潔運輸已成為國際間對於環境保護的趨勢，尤其是電動車發展更成為國際間交通運輸模式的一大轉變。世界三大電動車市場：美國、歐洲、中國，各運用不同政策工具措施，致力於電動車發展，也有許多其他國家的成功經驗值得學習。近年來，我國交通運輸受到政策影響也開始朝向節能、低碳方向發展。尤其因為台灣二輪車市場龐大，技術優良，因此電動化程度更勝於其他車種，對於減少溫室氣體及空氣汙染源潛力龐大。本文就美國、歐洲、中國之電動車發展經驗，加以比較分析相關法制政策，並針對我國電動的關鍵挑戰研提合適的解決方案。

Clean transportation has become a trend on environmental protection and policy for climate change. In particular, the development of electric vehicles has become a transformation of transportation. Three major electric vehicle markets in the world: the United States, Europe, and China, each using different policy tools and measures to develop electric vehicles. There are also many successful experiences from other countries worth learning. In recent years, transportation sector of Taiwan has been affected by policies and has begun to move towards low carbon mobility. And because Taiwan's two-wheeler market is huge and its technology is excellent, it is more electrified than other vehicles, and has great potential for reducing greenhouse gas and air pollution sources. Therefore, this article looks at the low carbon emission trends of the transportation sector in the United States, Europe, China. And it conducts a comparison on also the legal issues and policies of low-carbon transportation of the selected countries. Finally, key challenges in the transition to electric mobility are identified and solutions that are well suited to address them are proposed.