保險詐騙罪的三個爭議問題

在保險詐騙罪的認定中，有三個爭議問題值得進一步深入探討。第一，關於保險詐騙涉及的數罪問題，應當堅持以行為符合犯罪構成的個數為認定一罪與數罪的準則，並嚴格按照刑法關於數罪並罰的規定來處理。第二，關於保險詐騙罪的著手，行為人以騙取保險金為目的，開始公然實行《刑法》第198條規定的保險詐騙行為，包括虛構保險標的、對發生的保險事故編造虛假的原因或者誇大損失程度、編造未曾發生的保險事故、故意造成財產損失的保險事故，或者造成被保險人死亡、傷殘或疾病的保險事故，均成立保險詐騙的著手。第三，關於保險詐騙罪的共犯認定，特別是內外勾結或者有身份者與無身份者共同實施的保險詐騙犯罪的認定，應當堅持以主犯的行為性質定性。

This paper focuses on three of the most controversial problems concerning the crime of insurance fraud. Whether the defendant should be convicted and punished with one or more crimes during the course of insurance fraud should depend on if his conduct has satisfied all the elements of one or more crimes. Once the defendant has done the fraudulent conduct(including fabricating insurance object, fabricating the cause of the covered event or exaggerating the loss caused by the covered event, fabricating covered event and causing property damage and causing injury, medical condition or death)with the intention to get insurance compensation, he has committed insurance fraud. Where multiple participants are involved in the fraudulent conduct, such as when the policy holder conspires with one of the insurance company staff and when the beneficiary and others act in concert to fabricate a covered event, they should be convicted and punished for the crime the principal offender’s conduct has satisfied.