訴訟經歷者的司法信任何以形成

運用多元線性回歸和模糊集定性比較分析探究訴訟經歷者的司法信任及其成因，能夠發現一些異於現有理論預期或常識的經驗事實：（1）總體上城市居民並無普遍化的司法信任危機，但訴訟經歷者的司法信任顯著低於其他一般市民；（2）平等對待和法官品德為訴訟經歷者司法信任得以生成的充分條件，而審判效率、審判獨立和法官專業性的效應並不顯著；（3）威權主義可正向調節當事人的程式正義認同而增加其司法信任，關係文化則具有相反效果，但學界所關注的無訟文化、一般信任和特殊信任對當事人的司法信任並無顯著效應。結論認為，只有考慮多重併發條件才能充分理解當事人的司法信任問題。上述結論既拓展了現有司法信任理論，也對以審判為中心的訴訟制度改革有重要啟示。

Using the multiple linear regression and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, this paper researches the present situation and causes of judicial trust of litigants among Chinese citizens. Some empirical facts that are different from existing theoretical predictions or common sense have been discovered: (1)there is no generalized judicial trust crisis among citizens as a whole, but the confidence in courts of litigants is significantly lower than the ''non-users''. (2)Equal treatment and judge morality are sufficient conditions for the formation of litigants’ judicial trust, while the effects of trial efficiency, trial independence and judge professionalism are not significant. (3)Through positive moderating effect on litigants’ procedural justice identity, authoritarianism is conducive to increasing litigants’ judicial trust, but ''guanxi'' culture has opposite influence. However, the ''wusong'' culture, general trust and special trust, which have been raised widespread concerns in academic circles, have no significant correlation with litigants judicial trust. The conclusions mentioned above not only expand the existing judicial trust theory, but also have several important inspirations to the trial-centered reform of the litigation system.