消費者保險立法的中國願景

現代社會的保險已從單純移轉商人交易風險的契約安排，轉變為同時對商人和消費者面臨的風險進行移轉和管理的制度工具。保險合同法也因此不再是純粹的商法，而是體現出“精神分裂”特性。立法者需要在繼續維持商業保險市場的自由競爭與創新氛圍的同時，以強制性規範為消費者設定最低保障標準。這導致了實質性消費者保險規範群，甚而形式上獨立的消費者保險法的出現。後者在理念昭示與制度設計方面均有優勢，應當成為我國立法的選擇，並據此建構保險消費者實體性權利義務體系。但是，普通訴訟程式本身並非一種可使消費者獲得救濟的良好機制，因而立法還應著手建構以金融申訴專員為核心的ADR機制，為保險消費者實體性權利義務的實現提供程式保障。

Insurance in the modern society has changed from a purely contractual arrangement for transferring merchants trading risks into an institutional tool for transferring and managing risks faced by both businessmen and consumers. The insurance contract law is no longer purely commercial law, but reflects the characteristics of ''schizophrenia''. Legislators need to maintain free competition and innovation in the commercial insurance market and to provide consumers with necessary protection by setting mandatory minimizing protection norms in the same time. This fact has led to the emergence of a substantive group of consumer insurance norms, and even the appearance of an independent consumer insurance law. The latter has advantages both in the demonstration of legislative idea and in the design of specific systems and should be the best choice for China. Chinese legislator, therefore, need to build the substantive rights and obligations system for insurance consumers. However, the ordinary litigation procedures are not a good mechanism to enable consumers to get relief. Therefore, legislators should also set out to establish an ADR mechanism centered on the financial ombudsman to provide procedural guarantees for the realization of the substantive rights and obligations of insurance consumers.