抗爭與入籠：中國新聞業的市場化悖論

From Hard Control to Soft Control: The Involution of China's Temporary State-Journalism Relationship

本文以大陸傳媒產業發展為案例，關注了當代大陸新聞發展進程中的市場化問題。通過對大陸新聞業運營發展整體狀況的實證研究，解釋了大陸新聞業特有的市場化與政治控制同步增長的悖論。本文指出，大陸新聞業市場化的背後，始終存在國家一元獨大的政治權力運作。由此產生的高度壟斷和分散競爭相結合的新聞產業治理政策，造就了一個根據國家行政恩寵程度來分配經濟利益的新聞市場。因此「市場」不僅沒有成為新聞業獨立的推動力，反而成為強化新聞業自覺對國家依賴的直接原因。在權威政治和市場經濟的雙重治理下，新聞記者很容易陷入忽略價值、注重實利的犬儒主義。

China's media plays a key role in temporary society transition since it starts its own commercialization odyssey. But since late 1990's it gradually conforms to government due to its bureaucratic capitalism economy system mixed with bounded competition. In a historical view, this paper explains why the government strengthens its control over media by commercialization, as taken for granted is an uprising power to weaken the political control by authoritarian state.