「黨政軍退出三台」之後—──從批判政治經濟學思考無線電視制度的改造

The Post-Movement of Dismantling the TV Tripartite of the Military, the Party, and the Government Bureaucracy-- A Political Economy Proposal of Institutional Reform

自《解構廣電媒體》出版與「黨政軍退出三台運動」落幕後，對於無線電視體制的興革之議似乎暫告消聲，有鑑電視節目問題的依舊，與社會運動發展的瓶頸，外加困惑於電視頻道多樣化的表象，本文強調現在該是把努力的方針重新調回到教育界來，以期待電視改革行動的第二春來臨。本文認為，唯有對電視體制有深刻的認識，才能提出切重要害的改革。現今電視制度的教育問題，在於過度依賴敘述性的「電視史」觀點，以致學生無法認清電視事業在本土的環境中，如何從社會結構勢力中孕育出來，又如何框架了社會權力的網絡；另一方面改革運動的策略，過度以內容為焦點的訴求方式，造成吾人受困於媒介多元論的迷思；因此在思考理想的電視體制時，無法切中壟斷結構的關鍵所在，動員出獲得社會認同的改革理念。本文提出，透過國家與社會發展（特別是了解政治經濟變遷的軌跡）的理論觀點，有助於傳播學界，在電視議題的了解與行動上，建立務實思辯的空間，導引出能有力地拆解「被政經勢力獨佔的無線天空」的政策。

After publishing the Dismantling the Broadcasting Media and passing the movement of the TV tripartite cleansing, the discussion of VHF television reform is unheard, although the TV program is degrading, the reform resource is draining away, and the channels are diversifying. This research proposed that it is necessary to redirect the professional education in order to reinvent the reform movement. The future movement could not ask the right question if the communication education continually based on a descriptive television history. It shows no clue to find out how television industry was shaped by the social forces on the one hand, and the power blocs were interlocked by the television system on the other hand. Moreover, based on a critique of the dominant ideology of television culture and content, the movement fell into the trap of relying on the diversity of TV channel. It confused the people whether the contemporary television problem is nothing more a definition of public goods but a matter of competition. This research calls for a political economy approach to study the theory and practice of TV institutional reform. Consisting of instrumentalist, institutionalist and structuralist, this study will contribute to understanding the origins of current problems, making a persuasive policy rhetoric, and planning the realistic strategy of TV reform.