新聞敘事觀點與敘事聲調分析

The analysis of Journalistic Viewpoint and Narrative Voice

過去，新聞研究很少將觀點獨立出來討論，即使有之，也多半視其為新聞立場或報導角度的同意詞。而本文主要揭櫫的重點，便在重新審視新聞觀點的概念，特別是自形式主義敘事學者Kunelius對新聞敘事聲調討所獲得的啓發。一般而言，觀點含有‘感官’、‘認知’與‘意識型態’三種層次的義含，在其作用下所呈現出的敘事聲調，往往可反應出敘事者所扮演角色之不同與所在位置的差異。新聞敘事聲調與觀點的分析非但是新聞形式研究的重點，同時他更有助於我們進一步了解新聞言說空間的本質，而這是傳統新聞內容分析法所無法完成的任務。

In the previous journalistic research, there has been little attention given to the studying 'viewpoint'. Among the very few exceptions, 'viewpoint' is often conceptilized as 'news angle' or 'news perspective'. The focus of this paper is to reconstruct the notion of journalistic viewpoint, especially following Kunetius' nadition expressed in terms of 'narrative voice'. In literary studies, the notion 'viewpoint' is oftentimes approached with different emphasesrphysical viewing, depth and range of cognition, and ideologies of narrators. Through this line of reseach, we may understand a journalists' position in his narration as well as the role played in the expression of news event. This article provides an analysis of news viewpoint and the journalists' narrative voice. It helps us understand the nature of news stories as journalistic discourse, which is an area neglected in the past news research on content characteristics and content bias.