日本電視媒介生態發展之研究──以新媒介與電視發展為軸心

TV Media Development in Japan-- Concerning with the Center of New Media and TV Development

日本的電視事業從1953年電視正式開播至今已四十年，在這段過程中，曾有它發光發熱的輝煌時期，在日本廣播電視史上，公營的「NHK」與民營的「民間放送聯盟」兩大廣播電視體系共存共榮，為廣播電視史添加了一頁頁光榮的記載。近年來隨著科技的發展，電視也面臨一番衝擊。新媒介的誕生，帶來電視型態的變革，號稱經濟大國的日本，在新媒介潮流與新興產業的推展下，大眾傳播媒介也因為擁有廣大影響力，而承受一些期待與指責，未來電視與新媒介如何結合，以發揮其功效則備受矚目。從發展過程中，也可顯見日本在傳播科技的研發、媒介經營理念、廣播電視政策上，正面臨轉型期的重大考驗。

Since 1953 NHK started TV broadcasting. It has a 40 year history in broadcasting. Both the public NHK and private system have together made a great contribution, especially in the improvement of the technical field. TV must face a lot of challenges in the birth of new media. Mass media plays a big role in all aspects of the new media, which is a new problem. From this process, we can learn about technical development, management theory and, broadcasting policies during the changing periods, which is something worth thinking about.