「索羅門群島區域援助團」之性質、法律地位與未來發展

Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI): Its Nature, Legal Status and Prospect

2006年，索羅門群島政府先後宣布澳大利亞駐索羅門群島高專科爾（Patrick Cole）及澳籍警察總監卡索（Shane Castles）為「不受歡迎人物」（persona non grata），兩國外交關係惡化，之後索羅門群島向國際控訴，由澳大利亞領導的「索羅門群島區域援助團」（RAMSI）不符索羅門群島期待，希望RAMSI撤離。太平洋各島國於是在同年10月舉行的第37屆「太平洋烏國論壇」（Pacific Islands Forum,PIF）峰會上，決定由PIF前任、現任及後任輪值主席，亦即巴布亞紐幾內亞、斐濟、東加王國三國對RAMSI進行調查，並將結果向論壇領導們報告以決定RAMSI之未來。RAMSI成立與維持和平行動代表區域內國家集體行動，能使一個動亂頻繁，瀕臨崩潰之國家重新恢復法律秩序，雖然來自索羅門群島內部批評聲浪不斷，其具合法地位與維持和平行動之成就卻無法否定。本文即藉由討論RAMSI成立背景與發展，瞭解其來自國際法與國內法之授權，除可釐清其法律地位外，進而探討存在索羅門群島之必要性及未來展望。

The government of Solomon Islands declared former Australian high commissioner Patrick Cole and police commissioner Shane Castles as persona non grata in 2006. The incidence had worsened the relationship between Solomon Islands and Australia. The Prime Minister of Solomon Islands, Manasseh Sogavare, wants RAMSI to evacuate from his country. In order to resolve this dispute, the 37th Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) in 2006 established the Forum Troika of the past, present and incoming chairs to review RAMSI and its future.RAMSI is a regional measures and the peacekeeping operation to rebuild a 'Failed State' to restore its order and rule of law. Although the Solomon government has some arguments over RAMSI with Australia, the achievements and contributions of this peacekeeping operation could not be ignored. This paper points out the background of RAMSI peacekeeping operation, its nature, legal status, and prospect.