正向學校組織理論內涵之探析

Theory and Practice of Positive School Organization

正向心理學成為當代的顯學，具有理論探究與實踐的重要性。正向組織是正向心理學的三大重要支柱之一，可以促進正向情緒、正向特質的達成。正向學校組織充滿正向能量和活力，表現出特別的優勢，達到正向的組織表現，學校效能顯著地超過預期的表現。然而，目前以中小學為對象之正向學校組織的研究寥寥可數，校長如何形塑學校成為正向組織，存在探究的利基，具有進一步研究的價值。正向學校組織可以產生巨大的核心改變，帶動健全和永續的學校發展。本研究採取文獻回顧的方式，目的在於探究正向學校組織的理論範疇，包含定義、理論基礎、特徵及構面等，並提出正向超越治理、成員正向美德、良好組織關係、鼓動人心領導、成員正向情緒，作為正向學校組織之構面，並提出如何發展正向學校組織及後續進行研究之建議。

Positive psychology has become contempory mainstream that worth investigating theory and having importance of practice. Positive organization is one of the three pillars in positive psychology, it can enhance positive emotion and virtues. Positive school organization is full of capacity and energy, peforms notable strengths; makes school effectiveness obviously beyond the expectance. However, the study of positive school organization in elementary and secondary schools is still far and few between. How principals shaping positive school organization needs further research. Positive school organization can produce dramatic core change and strongly sustainable development. The study adopted literature review to explore the theory and practice of positive organization- including definition, theoretical foundation, characteristics, and dimensions. The study proposed five dimensions of positive school organization, including positive deviance governance, poisitive member virtues, excellent organizational relationship, dynamic leadership, member emotional wellbeing, and provided suggestions for developing positive school organization and conducting future research.