海牙反彈道導彈擴散準則：國際規範之建立

On the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation: The Construction of International Norms

「海牙準則」簽署國企圖通過「團體機構」（Corporate Agency）以形成具有制約和建構雙重屬性的規範來規約簽署國的行為，進而通過學習來內化此一規範。此處所謂「團體機構」是指具備團體行動的觀念，使集體行動制度化且又可以認可集體行動的決策結構。換言之，簽署國通過支持「海牙準則」來反映出此一規範的作用。不簽署國則堅持，任何制度性的安排必須要以聯合國框架作為運作基礎，並通過非歧視性的國際條約來體現此一集體意志。關鍵在於如何建立一個可長可久的反彈道導彈擴散的共同信念，就是我們觀察「海牙準則」此一新興建制日後發展的首要了。本文將著眼於「海牙準則」此一規範化之目標建講、各種規範典範之競逐、規範之談判過談、規範之主要內涵、規範之批判，以及規範之實踐等面向並一一加以討論。

The signatories states of 'the Hague Code of Conduct against the Ballistic Missile Proliferation' recognize a need to create an international norm aimed at constraining as well as construction state behavior by a corporate agency. As common knowledge, this Code denotes an idea of corporate agency and a decision structure that both institutionalizes and authorizes collective action. The signatories states intend to build international support of such a predisposition. The non-signatories states, however, contend that any institutional arrangement must operate under the framework of the United Nations ny nondiscriminatory international treaty to reflect the collective will of all states. This article addresses the goal setting, the competing versions, the negotiation process, and the contextual aspects of 'the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistc Missile Proliferation.'