We describe the Connected Optimized Network and Data in Operating Rooms (CONDOR) project. This study aims to develop a new computer technology system to significantly help surgical teams avoid human errors in the operating room. The project ambition, include collaboration with academic institutions and leading industrial companies, and we propose a range of major technical innovations. These include the first open DICOM standard for surgical video storage and transmission, low-latency video data transmission, the creation of surgical ontologies, preoperative and real-time intra-operative medical data visualization, Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for surgical video analysis, and software tools to permit training with these AI systems. CONDOR is also inspired by the aviation industry. We imagine creating a ‘control tower’ and a ‘black box’ that will respectively monitor and record everything that happens inside an operating room and during a surgical procedure, including surgical complications. Here we present CONDOR and the first preclinical results.