社會緊張對於高中職生毒品防治宣導與毒品使用態度之影響

The Effects of Social Strains on the Illicit Drugs Prevention and the Attitude toward Illicit Drugs Use for High School Students in Taiwan

臺灣於2016年開始規劃「青年教育與就業儲蓄帳戶方案」之實施內涵，為了解該政策方案之形成，本研究以Kingdon（1984, 1995）的多元流程取徑作為分析觀點。結果發現在學生直接升學缺少自我探索機會與高教學用落差的問題流、執政黨透過在行政與立法部門的優勢，營造政治氛圍催生政策的政治流，以及跨部會網絡資源配套整合的政策流匯聚下，加上政策企業家教育部長的推力，「青年教育與就業儲蓄帳戶方案」順利產出，於2017年開始試辦。其次，本研究針對「青年教育與就業儲蓄帳戶方案」之參與，運用統計數據、文件分析及訪談，進行探討。結果顯示不管是方案申請人數或是職缺成功媒合人數，皆不符合預期。而學生選擇職場體驗者遠多於體驗學習，更映照出社會階級問題。最後基於研究所得，對於政策方案的後續整體評估與改善，提出相關建議。

Based on strain theory, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of social strains on the illicit drugs prevention and the attitude toward illicit drugs use among high school students. This study was to survey 1277 participants from public and private high and vocational schools in southern Taiwan, including Tainan, Kaohsiung, and Pingtung, and to analyze the data with partial least squares – structural equation modeling as well as multiple group comparison. This study indicated that there were different paths that various strain factors influenced the attitude toward illicit drugs use. Daily life distresses and school strain relationships had indirect positive effects on the illicit drugs prevention and the attitude toward illicit drugs use through illegitimate means. In addition, school negative events not only had direct positive effects on the illicit drugs prevention and the attitude toward illicit drugs use, but also had indirect positive effects on those through illegitimate means. Moreover, gender had a moderate effect on this model, in which the influential path for males was different from that for females. In brief, the strains play a significant role on the attitude toward illicit drugs for teenagers. The academic authorities should pay more attention to their daily life and enhance the cognition of illicit drugs.