美感教育與生命教育應有之關係─以臺灣音樂教育批判為例之探究   全文下載

The Proper Relationship Between Aesthetic Education and Life Education: A Research on the Criticism of Music Education in Taiwan as an Example

美感教育（或稱感覺教育）的重要目標乃是透過培養和深化人們的感受能力來達到生命素質的提升。美感教育其實不是只關係到「美」，而是涉及人類感性生活的所有層面，甚至是倫理生活。倫理生活並非以僵化的道德原則為圭臬，而是以「倫理感」為共同生活的核心，本文即以儒家的主張來闡釋這個觀點。然而，儒家式的感覺教育，在現代強調技術性與成效的教育觀念之下已逐漸式微，與感覺教育比較相關的只剩下藝術教育。可是臺灣的藝術教育因為沒有認清美感教育的著重點，再加上升學主義的推波助瀾，導致設計出錯誤的教學制度，非但沒有達到美感教育的目標，反而讓人們誤以為藝術教育就是一種專業的技術訓練，本文將以臺灣行之有年的音樂班教育為分析的主軸，主要分為三個部分進行探究：一、從歷史和字源學的角度討論美學及美感教育；二、論及感覺教育與感受性在倫理生活中所扮演的角色，並以儒家的觀點做為分析的主軸；三、指出美感教育在藝術教育中的地位，以及當今在臺灣藝術教育（以音樂班制度為例）中的缺失。

Aesthetic education, or education of sensibility, aims at cultivating and deepening the people’s sensibility and then elevating the quality of life. Aesthetic education deals not only with beauty, but with every sensual aspect of human life, even the ethical life. The core of ethical life is not the fossilized principles of morality, but the “ethical sensibility.” Confucianism is the representative of this idea. Confucian education of sensibility, however, declines in the modern idea of education which stresses technique and utility. Now only art education is highly relevant to education of sensibility. The art education in Taiwan, on the one hand, didn’t catch the point of aesthetic education; on the other hand, it designed the wrong teaching system because of diplomaism. It didn’t reach the goal of aesthetic education and made the misunderstanding that art education is just a kind of technical training. In this paper the “music talented class,” which has had a long tradition in Taiwan, will be the subject of analysis. This paper has three parts. The first part discusses the meaning of aesthetics and aesthetic education through history and etymology. The second part mentions that sensibility and its education play important roles in the ethical life. Confucianism will be the center of discussion here. The third part indicates the position of aesthetic education in art education, and the improperness of art education in Taiwan nowadays. The “music talented class” will be analyzed as an example of this situation.