臺灣青少年的靈性健康及其對靈性的看法   全文下載

Taiwan Adolescent’s Spiritual Health and Their Perceptions of Spirituality

本研究旨在描述臺灣青少年對靈性健康各面向的重視程度，以及了解其對各面向的看法與經驗。本研究採混合研究法之設計模式，量化研究以「2016年臺灣兒童青少年健康與安適調查」進行分析，選取3,252位國中八年級和高中職一年級學生為研究對象，靈性健康的評量分為個人、人際、環境及超越性四個面向。質性研究採內容分析法，分析64位北部地區的國小六年級、國中八年級及高中職一年級學生的10場焦點團體訪談內容。結果顯示，超過七成的臺灣青少年重視靈性健康的個人與人際面向，只有四成重視超越性面向。青少女較青少男重視靈性健康，且隨年紀增長，青少年越重視靈性健康。青少年設定的生活目的，多是與個人未來職業、理想生活有關的生活目標；各年齡層的青少年多認為尊重他人是人際關係中最重要的部分；青少年肯定關心自然環境的重要，但較無與自然息息相關的感受；青少年對超越性面向之靈性健康的看法與態度，與其宗教信仰或有無超自然經驗有關。

The aims of this study were to describe the perceptions of the importance of spiritual health of Taiwan adolescents and to understand adolescents’ perspectives and experience pertaining to the aspects of spiritual health. This study adopted a mixed-methods research approach including two parts. Part one, data were based on the 3,252 8th grade and 10th grade students who participated in the “2016 Health and Well-being Survey of Taiwan Youth Survey.” The spiritual health modules consisted of four domains: connections with self, others, environment and the transcendent. Part 2, 10 focus group interviews were conducted with 64 students aged 11-15 years old in 6 schools. More than 70 percent of adolescents recognized the importance of “connections with self ” and “connection with others,” while 40% recognized the importance of “connections with the transcendent.” Girls consistently rated their perceptions of the importance of “connections with self ” and “connections with others” higher than boys. Age-related increases in the ratings of spiritual health as being important were observed. For those adolescents participating in the focus group interviews, their life purpose are more close to goals about future career or goals of ideal life. Most participants recognized “show respect for other people” as the most important things in relational aspect of spiritual health. Most participants recognised the importance of “care for the natural environment, but lacked the feeling or experience of “feel connected to nature.” Participants’ perceptions of the importance of “feel connected to the transcendent” were related to their religious beliefs or supernatural experiences.