英文摘要 |
In A Theory of Justice John Rawls the famous political philosopher in the20th century devotes almost 30 pages to civil disobedience and conscientiousrefusal. Rarely discussed is a short article published two years before A Theoryof Justice named The Justification of Civil Disobedience. Comparing these twotexts contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of Rawls’stheory. The differences or changes between the two texts have been out of sightand ignorance about the previous text hinders the main function of civildisobedience in Rawls’s theory, that is, the communicative function. The purposeof this article is to give those two texts a close reading, find how Rawls evolveshis arguments, demonstrate the essential function of disobedience in Rawls’stheory, and explicate implications. Through reading those two texts we canunderstand how the principle of nonviolence becomes essential to civildisobedience and why Rawls relaxes some justificatory requirements to initiatedisobedience but meanwhile he finds the potentiality of disobedience tode-stabilize the basic structure of society. |