高強度間歇運動與連續式運動後攝取高脂飲食 對介白素-6與腦神經滋養因子的影響

The Interleukin-6 and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Response to High-fat Diet after High-intensity Interval Exercise and Continuous Exercise

緒論：中強度連續運動(MICE)能夠降低動脈硬化與心血管疾病的風險，最近低量高強度間歇運動(HIIE)已被認為對成年人具時間效率且能夠避免慢性疾病。高脂餐可能會改變免疫和腦神經滋養因子(BDNF)的反應，然而目前探討不同運動和高脂餐介入對免疫和腦神經滋養因子的研究結果不明確，因此本研究旨在比較 MICE與HIIE對高脂餐後的介白素-6 (IL-6)與BDNF的影響。方法：36名男性隨機分派至晚上進行三種試驗：HIIE (85%最大攝氧量衝刺10次1分鐘，間歇休息2分鐘)、MICE (65%最大攝氧量進行有氧運動50分鐘)以及控制組。運動後隔日上午，受試者經過12小時禁食後攝取每公斤體重13大卡的高脂餐。採集血液是在第一天的運動前、後，第二天的高脂餐前與餐後每隔1小時至第4小時。結果：三種試驗之間的IL-6與BDNF基礎值未達顯著差異(P > 0.05)。HIIE (P = 0.02)與MICE (P = 0.00) 運動後的IL-6濃度高於控制組，但三種試驗之間在其他時間點未達顯著差異(P > 0.05)。運動前至運動後，MICE的IL-6曲線下面積顯著高於HIIE與控制組(P = 0.00–0.03)；運動後至高脂餐前，MICE和HIIE亦顯著高於控制組(P = 0.00–0.05)。HIIE與MICE於運動後的BDNF濃度顯著高於控制組(P = 0.01)，但HIIE與MICE之間無差異。攝取高脂餐後的BDNF在三組之間無顯著差異(P > 0.05)。運動後12小時，HIIE和MICE的BDNF曲線下面積分別高於控制組23%與21%，但HIIE與控制組達顯著差異(P = 0.05)而MICE與控制組未達顯著差異(P = 0.08)。結論：單次HIIE或MICE運動後皆會增加IL-6和BDNF濃度，但只有HIIE能明顯維持較長時間的高濃度BDNF，而此效果在隔日攝取高脂餐後就會逐漸趨緩。

 

Introduction: The moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) is aiming to decrease the risks of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Recently, low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) has been considered as a time-efficient approach to prevent these chronic diseases in adults. High-fat meal (HFM) may affect inflammatory and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); however, the effects of different exercise and high-fat meal intervention on interleukin-6 (IL-6) and BDNF is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of MICE and HIIE on IL-6 and BDNF followed the high-fat meal. Methods: Thirty-six males were randomly assigned to three trials which exercising in the evening: a HIIE (10 × 1 min sprints at 85% of maximal oxygen uptake with a 2 min resting interval between intense exercises), a MICE (aerobic exercise at 65% of maximal oxygen uptake for 50-min), and a control (CON). The next morning after exercising, participants consumed a HFM of 13 kcal/kg body mass after a 12 hr overnight fast. Blood draws were performed immediately before and after exercising on day 1, before HFM and then hourly until 4 hr on day 2. Results: At baseline, there was no difference between three trials for IL-6 and BDNF levels (P > 0.05). There was evidence of acute increase in IL-6 concentration in response to the HIIE (P = 0.02) and MICE (P = 0.00) compared to CON after exercise, but no significant differences observed at other time points among HIIE, MICE, and CON (P > 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of IL-6 was significantly higher in MICE than those in HIIE and CON from pre- to post-exercise (P = 0.00–0.03), and MICE and HIIE had higher IL-6 AUC compared with CON from post-exercise to pre-meal (P = 0.00–0.05). BDNF increased after exercise in HIIE and MICE compared with CON (P = 0.01), but HIIE and MICE were not different. No significant difference in BDNF after HFM among three trials (P > 0.05). During 12 hr post-exercise, BDNF AUC was increased by 23% and 21% in HIIE and MICE compared with CON respectively, but HIIE did reach a significantly different (P = 0.05) rather than MICE (P = 0.08). Conclusion: Acute HIIE and MICE equally increased IL-6 and BDNF concentrations response to the exercise, but only HIIE could maintain a longer and higher BDNF level after HIIE. However, the effect of the BDNF level attenuated gradually after ingestion of HFM in the morning after acute exercise in the evening.