歐洲國家長期照顧政策重構的反思：市場、家庭，與社區間的理論辯證

Title: Rethinking long-term care policy reframing in European welfare states: the theoretical dialectic between the market, family, and community

本文的目的在透過理論間的辯證，理解歐洲福利國家在長期照顧政策重構的趨勢下，國家、市場、家庭，或社區等福利提供的重要支柱，其彼此之間的關係面臨了什麼樣的變化；對照顧者與被照顧者而言，又會產什麼樣的影響？研究結果顯示，以居家照顧和家庭照顧為核心的歐洲各國長期照顧政策，面臨照顧市場半專業化對家庭照顧的侵蝕，同時亦對照顧者形成階層化差別待遇的結構，以及被照顧者身份別的資格排除等問題。而本文從嶄新博蘭尼式的資本主義危機架構出發，認為若能透過社區共同事務治理作為長照服務的提供來源，將有助解決福利國家在市場與社會擺盪過程中所遭遇到的性別階層化與資格排除困境。

 

This article tries to understand the changing relationships between state, market, family, or community in European welfare states. In addition, the article also wants to know the impact for the care givers and care receivers. The relationship between semi-professional home care and family care not only structured the hierarchy of the care givers, but also excluded the identity of care receivers. From the perspective of Neo-Polanyian conception of capitalist, the commons governance of community for the long-term care supply will resolve the welfare state’s dilemma between market and society, especially the gendered hierarchy protection and social exclusion.