治療行為與病人之同意（承諾）之關聯性──從刑法觀點之思考

The Consent to The Medical Treatment-a Criminal Law Perspective

近二十年以來，關於病人之同意（承諾）在醫療行為或治療行為上所產生之效果，不僅在法學界有許多的研究與討論，尤其有關醫療上「告知後同意」之法理，然而醫療行為與治療行為之意義為何，未必明確；其次，治療行為是否符合傷害罪之傷害行為，亦有分歧之見解，若符合而具有傷害罪之構成要件該當性時，醫師之治療行為係根據「被害人同意」或「業務上之正當行為」而阻卻違法性？其中，病人之同意與「告知後同意」又扮演如何之角色？以上之問題，乃本文所欲加以說明者，至於治療行為違反病人同意或告知後同意時，在刑法上將發生如何之效應，則非本文之重點。

There has been debate over the issue of the patient’s consent for the medical treatment in the past two decades, in particular the informed consent. However, the concept of medical treatment remains uncertain and it still plays an ongoing role either in theory or practice. Moreover, there has been an argument that the informed consent to medical treatment may meet the requirement of “Tatbestand”, but not the requirement of “Rechtswidrigkeit”, can be judged as committing a crime of Offenses of Causing Injury provided by Taiwan Criminal Law also remain questionable. This paper discusses problems that have arisen in the criminal law jurisdiction and suggests conclusion for further legal reform.