最「適」者生存：鄭多燕塑 (健) 身操書中的性別議題

Survival of the “fittest”:gendered representation in Jung Dayeon's fitness texts

緒論：塑 (健) 身操是少數幾項女性被鼓勵參加的休閒活動，不論是塑 (健) 身操的指導者或參與者都以女性為多。近年來，來自南韓的鄭多燕和她自創的塑 (健) 身操 (figurobics) 在東亞各國蔚為風潮，許多臺灣女性亦趨之若鶩。然而學者們對塑 (健) 身操中對女性身體及女性主體性的呈現卻一直有分歧的看法。方法：有鑑於此，本文針對近年來鄭多燕所著的自助塑 (健) 身叢書加以敘事分析，並將其文本中自述經驗和相關女性主義理論做連結與辯證。結果：分析發現鄭多燕的自助塑 (健) 身操書籍中以戲劇化的自身減重經驗作為基調，透過醫療、飲食、自我成長、掌控命運、休閒等概念來包裝「精瘦為美」且「分區雕塑」的女性身體，強調女性主動追求「完美曲線」的重要性，並將父權社會中的對女性身體約束加深並合理化，高度模糊塑 (健) 身操中追求健康休閒及追求美麗性感間的界線。結論：塑 (健) 身相關書籍不但承載了社會上對女性身體及女性健康的期望，也是社會上性別意識型態運作下的產物，其內容中再現的性別價值觀實值得吾人省思。

Introduction: Aerobics is one of the sports that women are encouraged to participate in and predominantly participated by women. In 2011, Jung Dayeon, a South Korean lady, who successfully shed 30 kilograms through diet and self-styled figurobics, has created a fitness sensation in East Asia. Her fitness books and DVDs have been one of the most popular in Taiwan and her name has become synonymous with the ideal toned female body. However, academics have long held polarized opinions on commercial fitness texts and their impact on women’s development since the publication of Jane Fonda’s Workout Book in 1981. Method: This paper used narrative analysis to investigate the ways in which relationships among gender ideology, body images, fitness and health are represented in the texts authored by Jung Dayeon. Results: Analysis shows that the texts play up her dramatic physical transformations in a narrative assisted by medical, diet, health, self-improvement, and leisure discourses in order to package and promote a slim, muscular and sculpted female body. Jung’s texts have deployed images and words which normalize the dominant heterosexual gender ideologies in society and obscured the lines between the pursuit of fitness and the pursuit of beauty. Conclusion: It is vital to examine fitness texts, as they do not only carry social expectations on women’s body and health, but also shape the gender ideologies in society.