社會知覺推論測驗中文版的信效度研究

Reliability and Validity of The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT)—Mandarin Chinese Version

目的：社會覺察是個體社會行為中的重要能力，社會覺察包含了解他人意圖、認知訊息的理解與高層次的社會智商，如社會習俗的知識、預期他人的行為、問題解決的能力，這些知覺能力需要運用語言訊息、非語言訊息，如臉部表情、眼神、姿態，以及社交的情境脈絡來理解情境。若社會覺察能力較差，則容易導致個體以無效、不合時宜或不適當的方式對他人做出回應。隨著科技發達，影片形式的測驗工具，不但能展現人際互動的生態效度，也能吸引一般民眾，本研究目的將社會覺察推論測驗（the awareness of social inference test, TASIT）進行中文化編制，並且檢驗其信效度。方法：將測驗英文與中文版本相互翻譯後，確認其意義並拍攝成中文影片，加入中文字幕，以107位大學生來評估中文版的信效度，建構效度的部分則邀請北部某醫院23位腦傷患者進行評估。結果：內容效度顯示出修訂後各情緒和情境均有80%以上的同意度，信度的α值介於.70∼.86的中上範圍；建構效度方面發現腦傷患者確實有社會互動知覺能力的損害，且比心智理論作業更能測得受試者社會覺察的能力。結論：測驗中文化後具有良好的信效度，可應用於相關社會覺察能力的評估。

Objective: Social awareness, an important ability in individual social behavior, includes understanding the intentions of others, processing and understanding cognitive information, and a high level of social intelligence. For example, knowledge of social customs, predicting the behavior of others, and problem-solving skills are all aspects of social awareness. Social awareness requires the use of language, non-verbal signals, and social contexts to understand different social situations. Individuals with poor social awareness may respond to others in a manner that is ineffective, poorly-timed, or inappropriate. With the development of technology, film-based testing tools can both demonstrate the ecological validity of social interaction and simultaneously attract the general public. The purpose of this study has been to translate and transmute the Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT) into a Mandarin Chinese version and examine its reliability and validity. Method: The test was translated twice, both from English to Chinese then back to English. Once the meanings and texts of the test were confirmed, the test was filmed in Mandarin Chinese and Chinese subtitles were added. This Chinese version was evaluated by 107 undergraduates. Construct validity was established by evaluating 23 patients with brain injuries in a hospital in Northern Taipei. Results: Content validity showed that all types of emotions and situations had more than 80% agreement. The alpha value of reliability was above average, between the range of .70 to .86. Evaluations of construct validity found evidence to support the claim that patients with brain injury suffer impairments to social awareness. Also, the use of TASIT to measure social awareness was better than Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks. Conclusion: The Mandarin Chinese version of TASIT has good reliability and validity and can used to evaluate social awareness-related abilities.