輕度認知障礙症的快篩：電腦版短期記憶測驗之效度研究

Development of a Rapid Screening Tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Validation of a Computer-Based Short-Term Memory Test

背景和目的：隨著技術的進步，電腦的使用變得無處不在，本研究目的是發展篩 選輕度認知損傷之電腦版短期記憶測驗 (CB-STM)，並且進行信度及效度的檢驗。方 法：研究樣本包括 64 位年齡介於 60 至 94 歲的老年人，其中有 17 位輕度阿茲海默型 失智症，22 位輕度認知障礙症患者和 25 位健康對照組。結果：CB-STM 具有良好的 再測信度（.75）和高度的內部一致性系數（.83-.85）。該測驗對於區分正常老年人， 輕度認知功能障礙和輕度失智症患間也具有良好的敏感度和特異度。結論：切截分數 為 20 分時，能有效區分正常老年人與輕度認知功能障礙，其敏感度為 76%，特異度 為 73%；切截分數為 13 分時，其敏感度為 77%，特異度為 77%。

Background and purpose: With advancements in technology, computer use is be- coming ubiquitous. The present study developed a computer-based short-term memory (CB- STM) test for screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study was designed to assess the psychometric properties of the CB-STM test, including temporal reliability and concurrent validity. Methods: The study sample comprised 69 elderly participants (age: 60– 94 years), including 17 patients with mild possible dementia, 22 patients with MCI, and 30 normal controls (NCs). Results: The CB-STM test demonstrated adequate test–retest re- liability (.75) and high internal consistency (.83–.85), as well as adequate sensitivity and specificity for differentiating between the NC, MCI, and mild possible dementia groups. Conclusions: Twenty points in the CB-STM test is suggested to generate sufficient balance sensitivity (76%) and specificity (73%) for differentiating between NCs and patients with MCI, and 13 points is suggested to generate sufficient sensitivity (77%) and specificity (77%) for distinguishing between patients with MCI and those with Alzheimer disease.