16-25歲第1型糖尿病患轉換期之疾病衝擊與照護趨勢

The Impact and Nursing Trends of Type 1 Diabetes during the Transition Phase on Patients Aged between 16 and 25

第1型糖尿病好發於兒童及青少年，對處於青少年晚期至成年早期之「轉換期」的第1型糖尿病患不僅同時經歷了發展、個人角色關係、健康- 疾病性及由以兒童為中心的照護體系轉至以成人為導向的健康照護系統的組織性轉換四種轉換衝擊，也造成其疾病管理行為的改變，更影響了疾病控制的結果。過去研究指出在16-25歲第1型糖尿病患的轉換階段，疾病控制有惡化之趨勢，凸顯了此轉換期疾病照護的重要性。本文統整出第1型糖尿病患在面臨轉換期的重要議題，包含: 第1型糖尿病轉換期之衝擊、轉換期之變化以及第1型糖尿病轉換期照護現況。希望有助於提升第1型糖尿病患在轉換期的照護，並能做為未來介入性措施之基礎，以提升病患疾病控制結果及其生活品質。

Type 1 diabetes occurs mostly in children and adolescents. For type 1 diabetes patients in the "transition phase" between late adolescence and early adulthood, they are exposed to the four transitional impacts caused by development, changes in interpersonal roles, health-illness and the organizational transition from the child-oriented nursing system to the adult-oriented health care system. Moreover, they witness a transformation in their disease management which results in different diabetic control. Literature review suggests that type 1 diabetes at an age between 16 and 25 tends to worsen during the transition phase, thus making the nursing care of this disease even more important. This paper summarizes the key issues concerning type 1 diabetes during the transition phase, which include the impacts of type 1 diabetes during the transition phase, detectable changes during the transition phase, and the nursing care of type 1 diabetes during the transition phase. This paper can contribute to improve nursing care of type 1 diabetes during the transition phase and enhance disease control and better quality of life.