美國與臺灣生產事故補償制度比較

Comparison Birth-related Injury Compensation Acts between Taiwan and the United States

臺灣於2012年制定「鼓勵醫療機構辦理生育事故爭議事件試辦計畫」，並於2015年12月於立法院通過「生產事故救濟條例」。其針對生產事故糾紛提供直接補償，避免訴訟紛爭，以改善我國醫療品質。另外一方面亦提供病患於發生事故時得以獲得迅速救濟管道。本法案解決了長久以來醫病關係之對立與緊張，並減輕了病患與其家屬在事故之中所承受的壓力。本文研究重點，希望對比美國「維吉尼亞州新生兒神經損害補償法」及「佛羅里達州新生兒關於神經學損傷補償法」，與臺灣甫通過的「生產事故救濟條例」進行比較，以檢視法制之差異。

In 2012, Taiwan government implemented the experimental “No-fault Compensation for Birth-related Injury Program”, then the legislature passed “Remedy for Birth-related Injury Act” in December, 2015. The Act is aimed at avoiding litigation and improving quality in the medical treatment. On the other hand, this Act provide relief and subsidies immediately for patients when birth-related Injury happened. This act will solve the problem of tension and opposition in the doctor-patient relationship, and alleviate the pressure patients and their families suffered. U.S., Virginia and Florida were the first two states which enact birthrelated Neurological Injury Compensation Act. In Taiwan, the congress recently passed “Remedy for Birth-related Injury Compensation Act” in December 2015. This study will introduce Neurological Injury Compensation Acts in Virginia and Florida, and try to compare with Taiwan’ Act, finally point what the differences are.