機能緊身服飾對長時間跑步時下肢肌肉特性之影響

Effects of compression garment on lower extremity muscle property during running

緒論：機能緊身服飾透過壓縮緊束的特性，提供緊束或穩定/支撐身體組織的功能，藉此可減少垂直跳著地時肌肉震動的情形，進而可能有利於神經肌肉傳導及減少肌肉組織的損傷。然而，關於運動人口眾多的長跑運動，其機能緊身服飾對於長跑時下肢肌肉震動及其肌肉活化的影響，仍尚未被研究證實。因此，本研究目的欲探討機能緊身服飾對於一般慢跑愛好者，在長時間跑步時下肢肌肉震動及肌肉活化之影響。方法：6名一般慢跑愛好者，平衡次序分別重複穿著機能緊身服飾與寬鬆運動服飾等兩種不同服飾，在跑步機上進行40分鐘固定速度 (80 ± 5% 最大攝氧量) 跑步。使用DELSYS無線肌電系統及其內建之三軸加速規系統，紀錄跑步過程中，股直肌、股外側肌、半腱肌、脛前肌以及腓腸肌之肌肉震動與肌肉活化情形，並分析跑步初期 (第1分鐘) 及跑步末期 (第40分鐘) 時，各肌群肌肉震動與肌肉活化。以無母數統計之魏克森符號等級檢定 (Wilcoxon signed rank test) 兩種服飾之間以及跑步初期與末期間的差異。結果：機能緊身服飾在跑步初期擺盪期有顯著較小的股直肌與腓腸肌肌肉震動，以及在跑步末期擺盪期有顯著較小的半腱肌肌肉震動 (p < .05)；機能緊身服飾在跑步初期著地期及跑步末期擺盪期有顯著較小的半腱肌肌肉活化 (p < .05)。結論：對於一般慢跑愛好者而言，穿著機能緊身服飾進行長時間跑步時，有助於減少部分下肢肌群的肌肉震動與肌肉活化，進而可能有利於肌肉收縮的效益。

Introduction: Compression garment (CG) provide a means of compressing and perhaps stabilizing/supporting underlying tissue, thereby reducing muscle oscillation upon landing from a vertical jump and this may have benefit in terms of optimized neurotransmission and reduced tissue injury. However, it was unknown whether the CG might result in reduced muscle oscillation and muscle activation during long-time running. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wearing compression garment on muscle oscillation and muscle activation during long-time running for recreational runner. Methods: Six recreational runners participated in the study. Each subject rans for 40 min (80 ± 5% maximal oxygen uptake) wearing compression garment (CG) and loose garment (LG, loose-fitting gym shorts) by counterbalance experimental design, respectively. The DELSYS surface electromyography system was used to measure the muscle oscillation and muscle activation in lower limb muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, semitendinosus, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius) at initial running (first min) and ending running (last min). The Wilcoxon signed rank test of Nonparametric test was used to compare the differences between garments and times. Results: The rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles oscillation in swing phase at initial running wearing CG were significantly lower than LG, and lower semitendinosus in swing phase at ending running with CG (p < .05). The semitendinosus muscle activations in stance phase at initial running and in swing phase at ending running wearing CG were significantly lower than LG, respectively (p < .05). Conclusion: Wearing CG reduced muscle oscillation of certain lower extremity for recreational runners and enhanced efficiency of muscle activation during long-time running.