臨床護理教育的挑戰與省思

Challenges and Reflections of Clinical Nursing Education

臨床護理教育直接影響病人照護的成果，也會增加護理人員對專業的承諾。學校護理養成教育需要發展更高的標準來與臨床繼續教育接軌；而隨著社會環境的變遷、資訊科技的發展，加上新興傳染病的衝擊與實證醫學的影響，護理繼續教育的課程設計與安排，要更能貼近未來學習者的需求。臨床教師應該依照從新手到專家的歷程，考量學習者的生活經驗，結合創新教學來提高自主學習，包含以目標為導向的成人學習課程設計、合適上課時間與地點，也要顧及輪班、家庭責任、身體狀況等個別因素，更需要機構、主管與同儕的支持。藉由護理能力的提升協助新進人員臨床適應、提高資深人員專業發展、強化臨床教師教學能力，才能在知識與經驗不斷傳承過程，延續護理關懷與照護的專業價值。

Clinical nursing education directly affects the outcome of patient care and will increase its commitment to the nursing profession. Schools that provide nursing education need to develop higher standards for continuing clinical education. With a changing social environment and the development of information technology, coupled with the impact of emerging infectious diseases and evidence-based medicine, curriculum design and a new arrangement of nursing continuing education is required in order to fulfill the needs of the future. Instructors should design courses from novice to expert with innovative teaching techniques to increase self-learning that consider the life experience of their students and include goal-oriented adult learning within a curriculum design and an appreciation of the class time and place. Consideration should also be given to family responsibilities, physical abilities, and other individual factors. Increased support is needed from institutions, executives, and peers who have the ability to enhance clinical care and assist new staff in adapting to and enhancing the professional development of senior personnel while strengthening their clinical teaching ability and expanding their knowledge and experience in order to continue the process of continued nursing care and professional standards.