抑癌基因 PTEN 與食管癌

Tumor Suppressor Gene PTEN and Esophageal Carcinoma

PTEN 是一個有生長抑制作用的抑癌基因，具有雙重特異性磷酸酶活性。PTEN參與多種的細胞間信號轉導，通過 PI3K/Akt 途徑、MAPK/ERK 途徑、FAK 途徑等發揮其脂質磷酸酶和蛋白磷酸酶活性。PTEN 基因的結構和功能改變與腫瘤的發生、發展相關聯。PTEN 基因失活導致細胞異常增生癌變，且其腫瘤惡性程度較高，易出現浸潤和轉移。本文就 PTEN 的研究進展及其與食管癌的相關性予以綜述。

PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene with dual specificity phosphatase activities. PTEN participates in multiple intercellular signaling transfers and simulates the lipid and protein phosphatase activities through PIP3/AKT, MAPK/ERK and FAK pathways. Structural and functional changes of the PTEN gene are associated with development of different carcinomas. Inactivity of PTEN may cause abnormal cellular growth and carcinogenesis where the carcinoma may be more advanced with higher predilections for invasion and metastasis. The present article gives a review on recent development of PTEN and its relation with esophageal carcinoma.