公寓大廈管理委員會之地位

The Station of Management Committee

公寓大廈管理條例已明確賦予公寓大廈管理委員會之訴訟主體地位，但對其性質卻未敘明。而依據民事訴訟法規定，管理委員會與非法人團體較為接近，只有符合非法人團體之要件，管理委員會才能依據民事訴訟法規定，獲得民事訴訟主體資格。對於何為非法人團體，學界有不同觀點，通說認為「獨立財產」乃是非法人團體不可或缺之要件。但對於何為「獨立財產」，各界認識不一。從法律賦予非法人團體當事人能力之原因加以探究，擁有「獨立財產」，乃非法人團體存立要件之一。基於此一角度，對「獨立財產」則應做廣義理解，即只要與其成員個人財產、相關人員財產有一定區別度，為該組織在一定程度上所支配和管理即可。而管理委員會之公共基金，雖仍屬於全體區分所有權人所有，但因其設置專戶儲存，由管理委員會管理、使用，滿足「獨立財產」要求之條件，故構成管理委員會之獨立財產。最後，由於公寓大廈管理委員會之地位問題，離不開探討實務問題。因此，本文亦探討晚近民事類相關判決、晚近行政法類相關判決、以及相關熱門議題。

“Condominium Administration Act Building Administration Division” has definitely ndowed management committee with mainstay of litigation, but it is not clear to explain what the nature is. According to “the civil procedure act”, the management committees are close to non-corporation. As long as it is to conform to the conditions of non-corporation, the management committees may obtain the qualifications of mainstay of litigation in accordance with “the civil procedure act”. Since different opinions of non-corporation exist in the academic circle, it is likely that the independent property is the essential condition in non-corporation. However, various acknowledgement of independent property exists in all circles. From a study of why the law has endowed management committee with mainstay of litigation, To own ‘independent property’ is not to exist one of the condition of noncorporation. From this point of view, we must understand ‘independent property’ with broad sense. In another word, as long as the personal property is different between membership and the party, the property can be controlled and managed by the organization. In addition, a public foundation of management committee is belong to all the unit owners. However, because of the cash in treasury to set up, in order to control and to use by the management committee, it is satisfied the condition of “independent property”. That is to constitute the “independent property” of the management committee . Finally, the station of Management committee cannot do without a study of the practice problem. Therefore, this paper analyzed the judgement in recent years relating to civil law and administrative law.