黨團協商、特殊立法機制與權力分立

Party Caucuses Negotiation, Special Legislative Procedure and Separation of Powers

本文從引介英、美兩國法制出發，並以此為基礎，分從不同層次分析黨團協商法制所蘊含問題。就特殊立法程序層次言：其一，黨團協商法制得就法案內容決定為問題之根源；其二，賦予小黨不相稱之權力，恐與多數統治等憲政原理有違。從憲法具體規範之角度看：其一，似未慮及憲法賦予行政院法律提案權；其二，似未考慮到欠缺對立法權之足夠制衡機制；其三，似亦未考慮到其他提案機關所可能面臨之問題，如司法院；其四，賦予小黨不相稱權力，恐惡化非典型內閣制之缺點；其五，恐賦予立法院院長過大之權力。

The institution of the party caususes negotiation, which has been established in Taiwan for nearly two decades, plays a significant role in making laws in the Legislative Yuan. However, this system has also been suffered serious criticisms from people. By characterizing the system of the party caususes negotiaiton as a kind of speical legislative procedure, this paper scrutinizes this institution from the perspective of separation of powers, revealing the defects of the current system.