督促程序之變革－－基於平衡兼顧保護債權人與債務人利益之觀點

The Reform of Summary Proceedings for a Payment Order in Taiwan

督促程序制度涉及諸多程序法上基本價值之取捨及平衡兼顧，如考量臺灣實務上多由司法事務官核發支付命令、國人之法治教育程度及以再審之訴予以救濟之可能性不高等情事，本次修法之立法政策將督促程序制度從終局性紛爭解決制度改採為執行名義取得程序，並強化對於債務人有關支付命令效力及異議權之教示，固有其可取之處，但由於支付命令已不具有既判力，而僅作為執行名義，因此，不宜課以債權人過重之釋明責任，以免在債權人及債務人之利益保護上有所失衡。

This article discusses the recent reform of summary proceedings for a payment order in Taiwan. The goal of this reform is to achieve a fair balance between the creditors interests and the procedural protection of debtors. According to the new rule, a payment order becomes as a writ of execution enforceable, but it is no res judicata, if an opposition is not lodge by the debtor in due time. The debtor is still able to file a suit against the creditor.