通過憲法的商談：行政裁量的軟法規制

Deliberation through Constitution: Regulation as soft law of Administrative Discretion

對行政裁量的規制一直是學術界的一個理論難題。理性裁量作為行政裁量規制的核心目標，內在地要求公眾與政府之間的合作治理。晚近西方興起的商談理論認為，通過以憲法為中心的商談機制可以調整與修正傳統行政裁量控制模式的系統性偏見，平衡公民權利與國家權力的緊張關係，促進行政裁量的結構合理化，以實現理性裁量。在行政裁量領域，憲法商談建制化既需要培養具有商談能力的公民，又要求完善公民權利保障制度和建構靈活高效的商談程序制度。

Abstract: Regulation of administrative discretion has been a difficult theoretical problem in academic world Rational discretion as the core goal of administrative discretion regulation, it requires cooperative governance between the public and the government inherently The deliberation theory raised of the west recently believe that the deliberative mechanism which takes the constitution as the center can adjust and modify the system bias of the control mode of traditional administrative discretion, balance the tension between the civil rights and the state power, promote the rationalization of the structure of administrative discretion in order to realize reasonable discretion In the field of administrative discretion, constitutional deliberation institutionalization should not only cultivate deliberative capacity of citizens, but also perfect the civil rights protection system and construct flexible and efficient deliberative procedure system.