2015年臺灣金融五法評析簡介

The Comments on the 2015 Taiwan Five Financial Laws

2015年年初，立法院通過制定包括爭執已久的電子支付機構管理條例，即第三方支付系統之法案，及修正銀行法、保險法、國際金融業務條例及金融消費者保護法等五項重大金融法律案，創下立法院單一會期通過最多金管會主管法律案的紀錄，經過分析本次金融五法具有開放管制鬆綁的重大政策意義，開放第三方支付便利金流之效率，鼓勵青年創業，鼓勵金融業邁向國際競爭進行併購與投資，並鼓勵從事OBU、OSU、OIU等境內國際金融業務，但同時在保險法方面亦鑑於近年多家保險公司陸續退場之慘痛經驗，設立強制退場之法定標準，避免其他政治力之介入拖延退場時機，另在金融消費者保護法方面加強對金融業不當行銷行為之規範與罰鍰以及導入三倍懲罰性賠償及團體評議制度等，以期遏阻金融業以業績掛帥忽視消費者權益之行為，惟著有聲譽的消費者文教基金會卻不具有擔任團體評議之代理資格，本文認為有儘速修法之必要，但總體而言，本次金融五法對臺灣金融產業具有大幅開放的性質但亦有加強財務業務監理與行為罰責之面向。

In the early of 2015, the Legislative Yuan passed the Electronic Payment Institute Act, i.e. the third-party payment system, and the amendments of the Bank Act, the Insurance Act, the Offshore Banking Act, and the Financial Consumer Protection Act. This is a new record in the number for the Legislative Yuan to enact or amend financial laws in a single session. The FSC said that the most important in the above five bills are the Bank Act and the Offshore Banking Act, which de-regulates the re-investment restriction on amounts for banks and adds insurance companies into the offshore financial services market, and make the OBU, OSU, and OIU as a more completed financial service in the offshore markets. Meanwhile, based on the past few years experiences of failed insurance companies, the Insurance Act was amended and gave a clear standards to define and compulsory receivership process. For the purpose to protection consumers, the Financial Consumers Protection Act was amended and introduced the punitive damages and class ombudsman service into the Act. However, it was regretful, that the Consumers Protection Foundation of ROC was not qualified to perform the class ombudsman service for consumers and thus the author ask for a quickly amendment for this Act. In a sum, the Five Financial Laws open the markets and de-regulate for the financial institutes, meanwhile the Laws also require a more comprehensive consumers protection schemes and a more self-discipline internal control system for them.