關於並存他動詞

About the Coexistent Transitive Verbs

日語中有些自動詞有複數對應的他動詞（以下稱此複數對應的他動詞為並存他動詞）。本稿不以動詞的形態與其語意之間有一定的對應關係為前提，只以語意為基準分類並存他動詞。亦即，①是否表相同語意②語意是否重疊③與自動詞的語意對應關係作為分類基準。本稿的分類以語意為基準，因此也可將不具特定形態的他動詞列入探討範圍，記述方法較具系統性。此外，本稿的記述以現代書面語料庫的用例為本，較能反映現在的使用狀況。若將本稿與王（2013）的考察結果合併來看，並存的自動詞與他動詞都有（1）語意的變化（2）語意的分化（3）一方的動詞逐漸消失的現象。並存的自他動詞違反日語自他動詞一對一對應的原則，而且也不符合語言的經濟性，因此必然會發生語意的變化，分化及語彙的消失等現象。

There are coexistent transitive verbs in Japanese. In this paper, the coexistent transitive verbs were broken down into patterns by their meaning alone rather than the correspondence relation between the meaning and the affix. That is (a) denoting the same meaning or not(b)the overlap of meaning(c)correspondence relation of the meaning of intransitive verbs. This classification bases on meaning, so the coexistent transitive verbs that do not have the particular affix can also be classified. And the analysis is based on the examples of the corpus of contemporary writing so it is helpful to know the contemporary usage.Combining the results of this paper with Wang (2013), both the coexistent transitive and coexistent intransitive verbs have (1) the change of meaning (2) the differentiation of meaning (3) the obsolescence of word. These verbs are against one to one relation principle of transitive and intransitive verbs in Japanese, and do not follow the economy of language either, so the phenomena mentioned above would inevitably occur.