探討安全過路口教案教學對國小學生交通安全認知之效果

Effect of Pedestrian Crossing Curriculum on Traffic Safety Cognition for Elementary School Students

行人在道路上毫無防護措施，是所有用路人中最弱勢的族群，其中兒童更是行人中最弱勢的族群。根據衛福部統計，事故傷害為 1-14 歲國人最主要的死亡原因（108 年），其中交通事故傷害所占比例最高；在交通事故中有六成與任意穿越馬路有關，因此如何減少兒童穿越道路時發生交通事故是非常值得重視的議題。雖然近年來國內對於學童的交通安全相當重視，但是交通安全相關課程並未列入學校正式課程，導致學童對於交通安全的觀念不足。雖然各級交通與教育主管機關投入許多資源辦理交通安全宣導活動或發展相關教案，希望能藉由教學教導學童正確的觀念，讓交通安全觀念及習慣能從小開始養成，惟教學成效實有待評估。 本研究以國小中、高年級學童為研究對象，採用臺北市政府交通局編製之國小學生安全過路口教案，對學童進行課堂教學及實地教學（實作），並利用教學前、後測驗結果分析教學對於學童交通安全認知之影響。本研究共收回 227 筆有效樣本進行分析，結果顯示課堂教學有助於學童交通安全知識的增長，實作課程的成效則無法突顯，其可能的原因為利用試題測驗較難呈現實地教學成效。就測驗結果分析，高年級學童在安全認知的得分明顯優於中年級學童，教學後學童安全過馬路的認知能力均有顯著提升。

Pedestrians, with no protective measures on the road are usually considered the vulnerable group on the road. Children are the most vulnerable among pedestrians. According to statistics, traffic crashes were the leading causes of death in children under 14 years of agein 2019. Around 60% of these traffic crashes occurred when children were crossing the roads. Even though traffic safety education are important for school children, traffic education curriculum is not mandatory for schools. This study aims to evaluate the effects of curriculum and course materials in pedestrian crossing developed by Department of Transportation, Taipei City Government. Grades 3-6 elementary school students were recruited to participate in this study. The participants were divided into two: experimental group and control group. A questionnaire, including knowledge, attitude and behavior items and the characteristics of individual, was administered to participants before and after teaching. A number of 227 valid sample were obtained. The results show that classroom curriculum helps improving children's knowledge of traffic safety, however the practical curriculum does not demonstrate significant effects.