於 「新聞日語」課程中導入專案學習－以 「學習到的能力」為目標之 「轉讀報紙」製作

Project Based Learning in the Subject ''Japanese in News'': Production of ''Mawashi-yomi shimbun'' Aimed for ''The Skills that Would Be Acquired''

「新聞日語」課程是為了讓學習者能夠實際體會與習得，在實際社會中所被使用的日語而設置的。不同於課本，這個課程不僅可以學到等身大的日本，也可以學習如何使用母語與日語，來解釋新聞以及將意思傳達給別人，可視為非常好的學習機會。本論文在「新聞日語」課程中，導入了專案學習，藉由專案學習明確的步驟來設計課程，完成製作「轉讀報紙」。標榜「玩報紙」的「轉讀報紙」，在本課程中必須使用日語閱讀日文報紙，並且討論和解釋報導內容，此外還有版面的設計和製作，最後則必須以中文發表。是一個培養綜合能力的課程。學習成果來說，各個步驟所瞄準的「學習到的能力」，藉由教師所設計的指南，各學習者在各步驟執行前就可以先意識到必須學習到的能力為何？並在步驟中明確的針對各個能力予以加強。根據學習者內省，對於已學過的日語，學習者都可以瞭解到自己的過與不足，並且為了達到解決的方案，更產生了積極改善如何加強自己對他人傳達意思的學習觀。然後在自我成長的步驟中，對於整體學習的回顧中，我們可以發現，透過此次的專案學習，學習者已經獲得了各項能力顯著的成長。

'Japanese in news'' is a subject in Japanese language course which is devoted to make the learners acquire Japanese used in the actual society. Unlike other ordinary subjects that utilizes textbooks which consist of ''normalized'' contents, ''Japanese in news'' gives opportunity for the learners to acquire skills to operate both their native and Japanese language by learning, for instance, not only the actual Japanese society, but also how to interpret and get across to individual news. This paper is a case study report in ''Japanese in news'' class, designed from Project Based Learning (PBL) utilizing ''mawashi-yomi shimbun'' (lit. ''passed-around newspaper'': a group activity to edit a hand-made newspaper which consists of several interrelated articles, excerpted in a thorough theme from newspapers which are passed around among the group). The author aimed a comprehensive learning of reading Japanese, comprehension of news articles by discussion, editing, production and presentation in Chinese by the ''shimbun'', which advocates ''playing by newspapers'', used in the plain steps of PBL. In the result, by informing/coaching ''skills that would be acquired by following each step'', the learners were able to be conscious and intentional of the skills which were aimed to acquire. Analyzing the memoirs by the learners, an active attitude to recognize the lack in their Japanese competence and to think about a solution to strengthen their communication skills was revealed. In addition, the learners described reflections that they achieved a significant result in the Project in the step for retrospective view for checking of progress.