傀儡師與詐欺師－芥川龍之介與黃靈芝

Puppeteer and Impostor: Akutagawa Ryunosuke and Kou Reishi

芥川龍之介為代表日本大正時期的作家。而另一方面，黃靈芝則是在戰後的台灣創作出許多日語作品的作家。本論文的目的在於，透過小說的分析來比較自稱為「傀儡師」的芥川龍之介及「詐欺師」的黃靈芝這兩位作家的創作方法，並進而探究兩者之文學特質。首先，兩者的共同點在於，急轉直下的作品結構與冷靜且諷刺的人性理解（虛無主義）。兩者皆擅長在極大的感動之下，透過精密設計的戲劇手法，呈現出無法以尋常手段來掌握的人類的多樣性。另一方面，兩者的文學也存在著相異點。芥川的小說在多彩的虛構空間裡肯定人性，有著理想主義的一面。相對於此，黃的小說則是在戰後台灣這種現實的設定下，貫徹著虛無主義。芥川的小說是以人本的發想之框架為基礎，而黃的小說裡則有在與（人類以外的）物種間的關係性中，對人類的存在意義本身抱持著懷疑的思想。

Akutagawa Ryunosuke is the writer representing the Japanese Taisho Era.Kou Reishi is the writer who produced many Japanese works in postwar Taiwan. This paper aims at clarifying the feature of the literature of Akutagawa and Kou by the method of two writers who call self a ”puppeteer” (Akutagawa) and an ”impostor” (Kou), based on analysis of their novels. As a common feature of Akutagawa and Kou, we can see the structure of a surprise ending and a cool-headed and ironical human understanding (nihilism). By the method of the dramatization calculated precisely, both two writers make to show the many-sided human being with bigger impression. On the other hand, difference also consists in both literature. Akutagawa's novel has the idealistic side in which affirms ”human likeness” in variegated fabrication space, while Kou's novel has thoroughgoing nihilism in realistic postwar Taiwan. Although Akutagawa's novel is based on the framework of the anthropocentric way of thinking, Kou's novel has the idea which doubt about man's raison d'etre in relationship with kinds other than man.