《半日》小說中作者運用的策略－從森鷗外家庭內部延伸至社會潮流

A discourse strategy operated by author in“Hanjitsu”: About a viewpoint from his family to Meiji society of Mori Ogai

被視為鷗外文學重新出發的紀念之作《半日》相關研究論文，大多是以鷗外現實生活的角度來論述。《半日》結尾處寫著：「遍讀東西方的歷史、小說、劇本、都找不出像糟糠之妻這樣的女人。這或許這樣的女人是打破所有價值觀的新時代的特有產物吧！」的這樣一句對妻子的重判言詞。學識淵博的鷗外，為何非得批判家妻如此慘重不可呢？這跟關係著敘述者的個性、企圖等作者鷗外的言語策略，有脫離不了的重大關係。分析該問題，研究步轉如下。先釐清《半日》敘述的特色、敘述者的企圖。之後一併考量當時受到新女性出現契機的《人偶之家》的女主角娜蒞的影響。最後整體考量作者鷗外使用言語策略。考察結果顯示：表面上是鷗外自曝分身博士家的家庭內部情況，實際上是鷗外運用了言語策略，通過擁有獨立性格的敘述者來具體實踐出鷗外掌握到的明治時代末期時代的潮流。敘述者把以現代人的眼光來看擁有自主性的現代女性博士之妻，塑造成「惡女」形象的策略奏效。正顯示出明治時代末期，獨立現代風女性與日本社會中根深蒂固存在的家庭價值觀是相互違背的結果。而此獨立現代風女性充其量只不過是儒教倫理的近代的裝飾而已。並以冷靜透傲的目光，寄予日俄戰爭告捷沉澱之後的明治國家的揶揄。

In the research on past ”Hajitsu(半日)”, the majority of these research achievements has interpreted from the real life outside of Mori Ogai. However, a maximum level criticism to the wife ”There is no woman like my wife anywhere.” is written in the end of this work. This expression has a problem on discourse strategy of author Mori Ogai which is related to the narrator's character and intention.In this question, this thesis has clarified the narrator's intention from the trait of talking about ”Hanjitsu” and has considered a coetaneous receipt of Nola of ”House of the doll” that made the source of the appearance of ”New women”. According to such a procedure, this thesis has tried to catch the discourse strategy that Mori Ogai used.As a result, it is clarified that there is a discourse strategy of the surface side speaking and the back side speaking in ”Hanjitsu”. This strategy of narrator who says ”Wicked woman” the bride shows the conflict of sense of values about family that existed in Japanese society of the end of Meiji era. This strategy is its cool-headed ironically eyes surfaced for Meiji state.